There are a number of popular methods of evaluating the effectiveness of training and development, which is an essential part of reaping the rewards of the training process.

A well-established model that is often helpful is the Kirkpatrick Model, which has four levels:

• Level 1 €“ Reaction to the development
• Level 2 €“ Learning benefit
• Level 3 €“ Skills, behaviour performance changes
• Level 4 €“ Business results realised.

To consider each of these factors in turn: Level 1 €“ Reaction: As its name suggests, this measure is concerned with the immediate reaction of the learner after the training programme has finished. Many of you will be familiar with the so-called 'happy sheet' that is commonly passed around post training events for comments and evaluation. It has its uses, but doesn't tell us too much of real importance about the effectiveness or added value of training Level 2 €“ Learning: It is relatively easy to measure what learners can now do in terms of skill or now know in terms of increased knowledge following training. This is a good way of showing interest and helping to consolidate what has been learnt

Level 3 €“ Behaviour and performance: Any useful changes in behaviour must take place back on the job. Changes that begin during training may or may not transfer back to the workplace. Having a clear process for assessing the starting point of training and the gap to be filled along with a realistic understanding of the role that you as a manager play in the learning process will help with this

Level 4 €“ Business results: Kirkpatrick gives us lots of useful measures, such as reduction of costs, avoidance of costs; reduction of staff turnover and absenteeism or improved morale and motivation. The decision on which one to use will be informed by the initial need for training. It is at this stage that the ultimate financial benefit will be realised and you will see a return on investment.

Return on Investment (%) = [(Gross Benefit from Training €“ Cost of Training)/Cost of Training] x 100

This will help your business to recognise the real purpose of training and the importance of coaching, performance support and evaluation as a means of assuring return on investment.