Treating common bowel problems depends on the symptoms that are being experienced:

1. Constipation

Increasing dietary fibre and fluid intake, as well as taking regular exercise can help to ease constipation. OTC laxatives can also be recommended, if appropriate. These work in different ways, depending on their active ingredients:

• Stimulant laxatives (e.g. senna, bisacodyl, sodium picosulfate) trigger rhythmic contractions of the muscles that line the gut, helping to move the stools along. These may be used for the short-term relief of occasional constipation only. Examples include Senokot, Dulcolax
• Bulk-forming laxatives (e.g. ispaghula husk) increase the “bulk” or weight of the stools, which in turn stimulates the bowel. Examples include Fybogel
• Osmotic laxatives (e.g. lactulose) draw water from the rest of the body into the bowel to soften the stools and make them easier to pass
• Stool softeners (e.g. docusate sodium) add moisture to the stools, allowing for an easier bowel movement. Examples include Dulcoease.

Glycerol suppositories for rectal use can also be used as a short-term treatment. They are licensed for occasional use only and should not be regarded as a standard therapy.

Did you know?

In the UK, most people do not eat enough fibre, with most adults eating an average of 18g per day – some 12g less than the recommended 30g per day.