NRT assists smokers to give up by delivering nicotine, although at a lower level than they obtain through smoking, to help prevent withdrawal symptoms and cravings. After a period at a steady state, nicotine intake is progressively reduced to zero over a period of up to six months, depending on product.

Nicotine is absorbed efficiently through the buccal and nasal mucosae, the skin and the lungs, all of which are utilised for NRT products. Individuals should preferably stop smoking completely while using any NRT product, but all are licensed for use in advance of stopping smoking, with gradual reduction until stopping completely.

All NRT products are licensed as GSL medicines and can be used by smokers from age 12 years, including pregnant women.

A wide range of delivery systems is available:

• Transdermal patches
• Chewing gum
• Inhaler (‘Inhalator’)
• Sublingual tablets
• Lozenges
• Nasal spray
• Mouth spray
• Strips.