Stopping smoking

Smokers are more likely to develop CD and for it to be more severe. Medications will not work as effectively as in those who do not smoke, so it is important patients are encouraged to stop smoking, especially women, who appear to be at a higher risk.

Exercise

Although patients with IBD often experience fatigue, exercise should not be avoided, if possible, as it can help reduce stress and anxiety.

Diet

IBD patients may have serious vitamin deficiencies and malnutrition. There is no specific diet that patients with IBD should follow, but they should be advised to avoid any foods that they know may trigger an increase in symptoms. If they have increased symptoms, they may find decreasing their fibre intake for that period helps reduce cramping and bowel movements. Patients who have weight loss or malnutrition can be referred by their GP to a dietician for further support and advice.