One of the key aims of NMS interventions is to reduce non-adherence. Unintentional non-adherence can occur for a number of reasons, including forgetfulness, inability to use devices correctly, complex dosage regimens and prescription costs.

Those who forget to use their inhaler could be advised to pick a task that they do regularly, such as cleaning their teeth, and always use it just before. With this example, there is the added advantage of reducing the risk of oral thrush.

Combination inhalers may help those who are struggling to cope with the dose regimen, and ongoing prescription charges, while regular checks on inhaler technique will pick up those who cannot use their inhalers correctly.

If coordination or dexterity are problems, there are various aids available to help, or an alternative type of inhaler may be an option. If the problem is inspiratory effort, then swapping to another device might be the most appropriate course of action.