All links accessed: November 27 2018

1. A Hackshaw et al. ‘Low cigarette consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: meta-analysis of 141 cohort studies in 55 study’. BMJ 2018. 360:j5855. https://www.bmj.com/content/360/bmj.j5855

2. BMJ. ‘One cigarette a day carries greater risk of heart disease and stroke than expected.’ January 24 2018. https://www.bmj.com/company/newsroom/just-one-cigarette-a-day-carries-greater-risk-of-heart-disease-and-stroke-than-expected-warn-experts/

3. Cancer Research UK. Smoking and Cancer. https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/smoking-and-cancer

4. Cancer Research UK. Tobacco statistics. https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/risk/tobacco

5. NHS Digital. ‘Statistics on Smoking – England, 2018’. July 3 2018. https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/statistics-on-smoking/statistics-on-smoking-england-2018/part-1-smoking-related-ill-health-and-mortality

6. Public Health England. Guidance. ‘Health matters: stopping smoking - what works?’. September 25 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-matters-stopping-smoking-what-works/health-matters-stopping-smoking-what-works

7. Office for National Statistics. ‘Adult smoking habits in the UK: 2017’. July 3 2018. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/healthandlifeexpectancies/bulletins/adultsmokinghabitsingreatbritain/2017

8. NHS Digital. ‘Statistics on Smoking England: 2018’. July 3 2018. https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/statistics-on-smoking/statistics-on-smoking-england-2018

9. PHE. Press release. ‘One person quits smoking every 80 seconds in England’. September 20 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/news/one-person-quits-smoking-every-80-seconds-in-england

10. NHS Digital. ‘Statistics on NHS Stop Smoking Services in England – April 2017 to March 2018’. August 16 2018. https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/statistics-on-nhs-stop-smoking-services-in-england/april-2017-to-march-2018/content

11. Cancer research UK. News report. ‘Funding cuts mean stop smoking services can’t offer support’. January 15 2018. https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/cancer-news/news-report/2018-01-15-funding-cuts-mean-stop-smoking-services-cant-offer-support

12. NICE guideline NG92. ‘Stop smoking interventions and services’. March 2018. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng92

13. NICE CKS. Clinical Knowledge Summaries. ‘Smoking cessation’. Last revised in March 2018 https://cks.nice.org.uk/smokingr-cessation#!scenario

14. Office for National Statistics. ‘E-cigarette use in Great Britain’. July 3 2018. https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/drugusealcoholandsmoking/datasets/ecigaretteuseingreatbritain

15. PHE. Collection. ‘E-cigarettes and vaping: policy, regulation and guidance’. April 16 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/e-cigarettes-and-vaping-policy-regulation-and-guidance

16. PHE. Research and analysis. ‘E-cigarettes and heated tobacco products: evidence review’. Last updated March 2 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/e-cigarettes-and-heated-tobacco-products-evidence-review

17. HC Erythropel et al. ‘Formation of flavorant–propylene Glycol Adducts With Novel Toxicological Properties in Chemically Unstable E-Cigarette Liquids’. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, nty192. Published online October 18 2018. https://academic.oup.com/ntr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ntr/nty192/5134068

18. A Scott et al. ‘Pro-inflammatory effects of e-cigarette vapour condensate on human alveolar macrophages’. Thorax 2018. 73:1161-1169. https://thorax.bmj.com/content/73/12/1161

19. Royal College of Physicians. ‘Innovation in Medicine 2018: Providing smoking cessation for patients in hospitals will save lives and money’. June 26 2018. https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/news/innovation-medicine-2018-providing-smoking-cessation-patients-hospitals-will-save-lives-and

20. Cancer Research UK. E-cigarettes. https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/smoking-and-cancer/e-cigarettes

21. House of Commons Science and Technology Committee. E-cigarettes inquiry. August 17 2018. https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/science-and-technology-committee/inquiries/parliament-2017/e-cigarettes-17-19/

22. General Pharmaceutical Council. ‘GPhC outlines position on sale of e-cigarettes in registered pharmacies’. February 19 2014. https://www.pharmacyregulation.org/gphc-outlines-position-sale-e-cigarettes-registered-pharmacies

23. GPhC. ‘Complying with new legislation prohibiting sales of e-cigarettes to under 18s’. August 17 2016. https://www.pharmacyregulation.org/cy/node/5956

24. National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training (NCSCT).NCSCT Online Training. ‘E-cigarettes: a guide for healthcare professionals’. http://elearning.ncsct.co.uk/e_cigarettes-stage_1

25. PHE. Guidance. ‘Stop smoking options: guidance for conversations with patients’. August 20 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/stop-smoking-options-guidance-for-conversations-with-patients

26. British Lung Foundation. ‘Less help to quit’. July 2018. https://www.blf.org.uk/policy/less-help-to-quit

27. PHE. Guidance. ‘Alcohol, drugs and tobacco: commissioning support pack’. Published September 27 2017, last updated October 4 2018. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/alcohol-drugs-and-tobacco-commissioning-support-pack

28. British Heart Foundation. Stop smoking. https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/wellbeing/stop-smoking

29. PHE. Stoptober.  https://campaignresources.phe.gov.uk/resources/campaigns/6-stoptober/overview

30. NHS One You. https://www.nhs.uk/oneyou